The Meiji Shrine, located in Tokyo's bustling Shibuya district, is much more than just a green space in the heart of Japan’s capital. This sacred site is dedicated to Emperor Meiji and Empress Shōken, who symbolize Japan's modernization and its opening to the world during the Meiji era (1868 - 1912).
Inaugurated in 1920, the shrine is the result of an impressive popular effort, with 100,000 trees donated from across Japan to create this vast forested domain. Today, it stands as the largest Shinto shrine in Japan and is a must-visit for travelers.
What Does the Meiji Era Represent for Japan?
The Meiji era marks a period of radical transformation for Japan. Under Emperor Meiji’s reign, the country transitioned from a feudal, isolated society to a modern industrial power.
This period was characterized by profound reforms, including the abolition of the samurai system, the adoption of a constitution, and the integration of Western technologies and cultures.
These changes left an indelible mark on Japan's history, making Emperor Meiji a revered figure, not only for his reforms but also for his role in establishing Japan as a modern nation.
Why is Meiji Shrine Such a Special Place?
The shrine is surrounded by a dense forest of more than 120,000 trees, representing around 365 different species, all donated by the Japanese people. This forest, right in the heart of Tokyo, is a true haven of peace where visitors can recharge away from the urban hustle.
As you walk along the shaded paths, you’ll pass under majestic torii (traditional Shinto gates) before reaching the main shrine.
It’s important to remember that this is not just a park but a sacred shrine, so smoking, eating, drinking (except in designated areas), shouting, or taking photos during ceremonies is strictly prohibited.
What Rituals and Ceremonies Can You Experience at the Shrine?
Meiji Shrine is a living place, where numerous traditional Shinto rituals and ceremonies are held throughout the year. Among the daily rituals, the Onikkusai, or food offerings to the deities, take place at 8:00 AM and 2:00 PM. These rituals are open to the public and offer a fascinating glimpse into Japanese spirituality.
Additionally, on Sunday mornings, it’s not uncommon to witness traditional wedding processions. Couples, dressed in stunning kimonos, make their way to the shrine with their families, creating an atmosphere of serenity and respect. These moments offer a rare opportunity to experience Japanese wedding customs in an authentic setting.
You can explore the shrine’s various buildings on the Meiji Jingu website (English only), where you’ll also find information about purchasing amulets and ema (wooden prayer plaques).
Meiji Shrine: A Symbol of Franco-Japanese Friendship
One surprising aspect of Meiji Shrine is the presence of French wine barrels, donated annually by the Burgundy region since 2006. This exchange highlights the friendship between France and Japan, which strengthened during the Meiji era. Emperor Meiji, curious about Western cultures, particularly enjoyed French wine, and these barrels pay homage to this historic connection.
Nearby, you’ll also find sake barrels donated by Japanese brewers. Sake, a traditional Japanese drink, plays a significant role in Shinto rituals, symbolizing the bond between humans and deities. These offerings remind visitors of sake's importance in Japanese culture and its evolution under Emperor Meiji’s influence.
When to Visit Meiji Shrine to Witness a Ceremony
The shrine hosts many ceremonies and events, so it’s worth planning your visit around them. The key events are in red bellow.
- Daily: Onikkusai at 8:00 AM and 2:00 PM (food offerings)
- Every Sunday morning: Traditional wedding processions
- Monthly: Tsukinami-sai at 9:00 AM on the 1st and 15th (prayer for joy and unity)
January
- 01:01 AM on January 1st: Hatsumōde, the first prayer of the New Year. Thousands of people visit, with long lines forming to reach the shrine’s heart.
- 7:00 AM on January 1st: New Year’s vows renewal for the Emperor
February
- 10:00 AM on February 11th: Festival honoring Japan’s first emperor, Jimmu
- 10:00 AM on February 17th: Prayer for a good harvest
- 10:00 AM on February 23rd: Current Emperor’s birthday
April
- 10:00 AM on April 11th: Anniversary of Empress Meiji’s death (1914)
May
- 10:00 AM on May 3rd: Grand Spring Festival
June
- Mid-June: Emperor’s Garden irises are in bloom (paid entry)
- 2:00 PM on June 30th: Mid-year purification ritual
July
- 9:00 PM on July 30th: Anniversary of Emperor Meiji’s death (1912)
November
- 10:00 AM on November 1st: Meiji Shrine’s founding celebration
- 10:00 AM on November 3rd: Grand Autumn Festival and Emperor Meiji’s birthday (1852)
- 10:00 AM on November 23rd: Harvest offering
December
- 2:00 PM on December 31st: Year-end purification ceremony
- 4:00 PM on December 31st: Last ceremony of the year
Other Activities Around the Shrine
Meiji Shrine isn’t limited to rituals and ceremonies. It also houses museums and gardens worth exploring:
- Meiji National Treasures Museum: Displays personal items of Emperor Meiji and Empress Shōken, offering insights into their lives and the Meiji era.
- Shrine Museum: Dedicated to the history and significance of Meiji Shrine.
- Emperor’s Gardens: Particularly beautiful in mid-June when the irises are in full bloom. The entrance fee is well worth the visit for the garden’s beauty.
